Bharatnatyam Mudras
In Bharatanatyam, the Indian classical dance performed by Lord Nataraja, approximately fifty-five root mudras (hand/finger gestures) are used to clearly communicate specific ideas, events, actions, or creatures in which thirty-two require only one hand, and are classified as `Asayukta Hasta', along with twenty-three other primary mudras which require both hands and are classified as 'Samyukta Hasta. (NB these fifty-five are the roots; the branches permit of many more mudra, some of which are used primarily as aesthetic or decorative enhancements.)
Asayukta hastas (single hand gestures):-
| Name in Sanskrit | Translation(s) in English | Other meanings | Illustration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pataka | Flag cloud,forest |  | |
| Tripataka | Flag in three parts crown, tree |  | |
| Ardhapataka | Half flag | ||
| Kartarimukha | Scissors face | ||
| Mayura | Peacock | ||
| Ardhachandra | Half moon | ||
| Arala | bent | ||
| Shukatunda | parrot head | ||
| Mushthi | fist | ||
| Shikhara | Peak |  | |
| Kapitta | Elephant Apple | ||
| Katakamukha | Opening of a bracelet | ||
| Suchi | Needle | ||
| Chandrakala | Face of the moon |  | |
| Padmakosha | Lotus bud Fruit | ||
| Sarpashirsha | Snake head |  | |
| Mrigashirsha | Head of a deer | ||
| Simhamukha | Face of a lion |  | |
| Langula or Kangula | Lily | ||
| Alapadma | lotus | ||
| Chatura | Four |  | |
| Bhramara | Bee | ||
| Hamsasya | Swan head | ||
| Hamsapaksha | Swan wing |  | |
| Sandamsha | Pincers | ||
| Mukula | Flower bud | ||
| Tamrachuda | Rooster |  | |
| Trishula | Trident |  | |
| Ardhasuchi | Half needle | ||
| Vyagraha | Tiger | ||
| Palli | Knot | ||
| Kataka | Resting Place |
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